Monday, 29 October 2012

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)



This LCD is 2x16 character is use in this project to  display everything such as energy usage in kWh unit and the bill need to pay in RM unit.  This system is already convert from energy usage kWh to a billing in ringgit Malaysia (RM) by refer a tariff domestic from TNB. It also will display the set and preset the amount (RM) for the budget system

Proteus PCB Design



Proteus PCB Design Packages



 

Proteus PCB design combines the ISIS schematic capture and ARES PCB layout programs to provide a powerful, integrated and easy to use suite of tools for professional PCB Design..
All Proteus PCB design products include an integrated shape based auto router and a basic SPICE simulation capability as standard. More advanced routing modes are included in Proteus PCB Design Level 2 and higher whilst simulation capabilities can be enhanced by purchasing the Advanced Simulation option and/or micro-controller simulation capabilities.

Proteus PCB design is used to create a circuit of the microcontroller or project and interfacing with hi tech c compiler in MPLAB for the c code

Create PIC16F series project and program the PIC using MPLAB IDE



MPLAB IDE v8



The current version of MPLAB IDE is version 8.63. It is a 32-bit application on Microsoft Windows and includes several free software components for application development, hardware emulationand debugging. MPLAB IDE also serves as a single, unified graphical user interface for additional Microchip and third-party software and hardware development tools.
Both Assembly and C programming languages can be used with MPLAB IDE v8. Others may be supported through the use of third-party programs.

HI-TECH C



HI-TECH C compiler for PIC16 MCU implements the optimizations of Omniscient Code Generation™ (OCG). Whole program compilation technology to provide denser code and better performance for development on PIC16 MCU.
HI-TECH C compiler is use in MPLAB to create a C programming to the PIC16 series microcontroller unit.

Monday, 1 October 2012

Microcontroller


Introduction:
          This section is the control unit of the whole project. It basically consists of a Micro controller with its associated circuitry like Crystal with capacitors, Reset circuitry, Pull up resistors (if needed) and so on. The Micro controller forms the heart of the project because it controls the devices being interfaced and communicates with the devices according to the program being written.  
   
A Micro controller consists of a powerful CPU tightly coupled with memory RAM, ROM or EPROM), various I / O features such as Serial ports, Parallel Ports, Timer/Counters, Interrupt Controller, Data Acquisition interfaces-Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), Digital to Analog Converter (ADC), everything integrated onto a single Silicon Chip.
          Micro controller has  memory such as RAM, ROM or EPROM and peripherals on a single chip so development of a similar system with a micro controller reduces PCB size and cost of the design.

Micro controller use in the project.

PIC16f877A

 This devices are available in 40-pin packages is shown as picture below.

PIC16f877a

Device features.


Port Function.


In this project each PORT of pin have it own function.

PORT A = Analog to Digital input.

Measurement of analogue variables such as voltage and current must be converted to digital signals in order to be processed by the microcontroller. This microcontrollers have built in analogue to digital converters (ADC), enabling the analogue signals to be fed directly into the input pins of the microcontroller.


PORT B = It use as keypad interface and interrupt function.
PORT C = additional input/output
PORT D =  Use as interfacing LCD